Why have scientists been unable to grow the majority of bacteria and archaea in pure culture in a laboratory setting?
A. Most microorganisms reside in extreme
environments that are toxic to human life, so
samples cannot be collected for cultivation of
the microbial inhabitants in the laboratory.
B. Many species have metabolic
requirements that are difficult to fulfill in the
laboratory.
C. DNA sequencing technology was not
sufficiently advanced to give scientists the
ability to identify prokaryotic species in
nature, a requisite for growing microbes in the
laboratory.
D. Cells with unusual morphological
characteristics cannot be grown in the
laboratory.
B
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Cells that crawl rely mainly on ___________________ to facilitate their movement
A. microtubules B. microfilaments C. intermediate filaments
Hormones are used primarily for
a. signaling target cells in the vicinity of the secreting cells. b. stimulating transmitter release at certain synapses. c. integrating social behavior in a population. d. causing a response in a part of the body some distance from the site of secretion. e. all of these, depending on the species
The operation of a synapse
a. results from the passage of an electrical charge across the gap. b. involves a transmitter substance from vesicles in the presynaptic neuron that acts upon a receptor site in the postsynaptic neuron. c. occurs only between two nerves. d. is limited only by the action of acetylcholinesterase. e. requires neurotransmitter to pass directly through the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic nerve.
A(n) ________ has a higher pH than a(n) ________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word