Traditional and molecular phylogenies disagree on which one of the following issues?
A. whether or not the Eumetazoa are monophyletic
B. whether the Bilateria and Radiata split early into separate monophyletic clades
C. whether the split between Parazoa and Eumetazoa occurred at a very early stage in animal evolution
D. whether Echinodermata and Chordata are both deuterostomes
E. whether the appearance and type of coelom is important in interpreting phylogeny
E. whether the appearance and type of coelom is important in interpreting phylogeny
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The three phylogenetic trees shown here all contain the same members and all have a common ancestor, but are divided up in three different ways. Which tree has members circled that are of more than one evolutionary line and does not include the most recent common ancestor of the included lineages? What type of group is this?
A. Tree 1; monophyletic.
B. Tree 2; polyphyletic.
C. Tree 2; paraphyletic.
D. Tree 3; monophyletic.
E. Tree 3; polyphyletic.
Snappers swim by:
a. flexing only the area before the caudal fin. b. flexing only the posterior portion of the body. c. using only their fins. d. undulating the entire body.
All of the following compounds are necessary components for photosynthesis EXCEPT
A) ATP. B) carbon dioxide. C) NADP. D) oxygen. E) water.
Which of the following treatments is not used to kill bacteria?
A) Heat B) UV radiation C) Gamma radiation D) Drying E) All these methods are commonly used to kill bacteria.