A graph of the serial position effect, where the likelihood of recall of an item is plotted as a function of the item’s position in a list during presentation, takes the shape of a(n) ____
a. ?J-shaped curve
b. ?line that begins at a low level and slopes upward to the right
c. ?line that begins at a high level and slopes downward to the right
d. ?U-shaped curve
ANSWER:
d
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Müllerian ducts are found in ____
a. genetic female fetuses only b. genetic male fetuses only c. female and male fetuses early in development d. female and male fetuses until shortly before birth
Two structures on opposite sides of the midline are referred to as a. proximal
b. distal. c. ipsilateral. d. contralateral.
Kathy takes her 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday. Each week, the same sequence of events unfolds: Her son screams, demanding that Kathy buys him treats. Although she refuses to give in to his demands, he continues to scream
Finally, Kathy yells at the top of her lungs, "QUIET!" He stops screaming instantly. What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story? A) Kathy is using negative reinforcement to increase her son's screaming. B) Kathy is using punishment to suppress the screaming; her use of punishment is negatively reinforced by the cessation of screaming. C) Kathy's son probably learned how to scream by observing his parents at home, and now he is reinforced on a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. D) Kathy's son probably learned how to scream by observing his parents at home, and now he is reinforced on a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement.
Eight-year-old Oren has just begun describing other people's personalities. He is most likely to describe someone as
A) "boring and dull." B) "always fighting with people." C) "tall and thin." D) "angry and sad."