Explain the origin, location, and function of the proton gradient in the process of photosynthesis. What will be an ideal response?
The proton gradient is established in the thylakoid lumen as electrons flow down the
photosynthetic electron transport chain. As the electrons lose energy some of that energy is
used to pump protons across the thylakoid membrane into the lumen. As the protons
accumulate, they form a gradient, with the proton concentration in the lumen higher than in
the stroma. Eventually the protons flow “downhill” through the ATP synthase complex in the
thylakoid membrane. The exergonic process of diffusion down this gradient is used to power
the endergonic process of ATP synthesis.
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What is the main advantage of the settling-point model of body-weight regulation over then body-fat set-point model?
What will be an ideal response?
A test to determine the effectiveness of an antimicrobial agent that uses growth of a test microorganism in patients' blood serum:
A) disk dilution method B) dilution method C) disk diffusion method D) serum killing power method
____________________ is a vascular tissue that conducts water and dissolved minerals.
A. Phloem B. Mesophyll C. Epidermal D. Xylem E. Sclerenchyma
In the three-domain system, the eukaryotes are represented
A) only within the domain Eukarya. B) only within the domain Archaea. C) only within the kingdom Protista. D) in all three domains.