Describe and compare correlational research and experimental research. What key advantage does experimental research have over correlational research?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
? Correlational research involves measuring the degree of association between two or more variables.
? It involves calculating correlation coefficients, which indicate the strength and direction of an association.
? Correlational research cannot be used to determine causation. The experimental method is the only technique that can provide strong evidence for cause-and-effect relationships.
? In an experiment, subjects are randomly assigned to two or more groups, which differ only by an independent variable which the experimenters manipulate.
? Experimenters then measure one or more dependent variables and compare them across the groups.
? This allows researchers to determine if manipulating the independent variable has an effect on the dependent variable.
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Which of the following statements best describes stereotypes?
a) These are generalized images that we have about groups of people, particularly about their underlying psychological characteristics or personality traits. b) These refer to the belief that groups are like people in that they have intentions and the ability to plan actions. c) These refer to aspects of life that appear to differ across cultures. d) These are specialized images that we have about groups of people, particularly about their underlying psychological characteristics or personality traits.
Andre's mother acts as if she will be very disappointed in him if he does not become a doctor or a lawyer. Carl Rogers would refer to this as ______________
A) resistance B) a condition of worth C) unconditional positive regard D) transference
Which of the following countries has the lowest rate of those listed of individuals in late adulthood who live, or share co-residents, with her adult children?
a. Denmark b. Greece c. Italy d. Spain
When researchers examine a social psychological phenomenon using cross-cultural research, they are enhancing
a. internal validity. b. external validity. c. deception. d. random selection.