MC Insurance expenditures for health spending led to the development of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) in an effort to control spending. DRGs provided the driving force for health efforts to be directed toward
A. Organize services to be more cost-effective.
B. Emphasizing health promotion to decrease hospitalizations and medical costs.
C. Decreasing length of stays for hospitalizations.
D. Placing the emphasis on the community to improve population health status.
B. Emphasizing health promotion to decrease hospitalizations and medical costs.
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Why is it most appropriate to compute a chi-square (2) when comparing frequency of gender (male/female) and smoking status (smoker/nonsmoker)?
1. Gender and smoking status are both nominal level variables in this example and a chi-square requires nominal level data. 2. Gender and smoking status, as defined in this case, are both ordinal level data and a chi-square requires ordinal level data. 3. Chi-square is used in any research question where the independent variable is grouped according to gender. 4. An ANOVA is the most commonly used test with nominal/nominal level data.
A performance appraisal tool that is able to measure the same person at multiple intervals in a stable and consistent manner has achieved:
a. equivalence. b. construct validity. c. inter-rater reliability. d. test-retest reliability.
The nurse on the medical–surgical unit is reviewing discharge instructions with a patient who has a history of glaucoma. The nurse should anticipate the use of what medications?
A) Potassium-sparing diuretics B) Cholinergics C) Antibiotics D) Loop diuretics
The nurse is interviewing a client who has recently been diagnosed with atherosclerosis in the client's coronary arteries
Which of the following questions by the nurse has the highest priority to help the nurse determine the client's most important risk factor for this condition? 1. "Can you please tell me about the vitamins or supplements that you take?" 2. "Have you ever been diagnosed with rheumatic fever?" 3. "Do you smoke or are you exposed to secondhand smoke?" 4. "Have you ever had a diagnostic test, such as an electrocardiogram, stress test, or echocardiogram, or a surgical procedure for a cardiovascular problem?"