SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following describe the group “girlfriends” in Valdez’s typology of female gang associates?

A. in a steady relationship with a gang member
B. frequent substance use
C. given respect from other members
D. active involvement with daily gang activities


A. in a steady relationship with a gang member
C. given respect from other members

Criminal Justice

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William A. Geller has argued which of the following points regarding civilian input into the process of investigating complaints against police?

a. It is difficult for people that are disconnected from the police department to have an adequate understanding of the internal operations of a civilian review board. b. It is beneficial for an objective look at the internal workings of police departments. c. It is crucial in the use of existing resources at citizen's disposal. d. It is effective in investigating civilian complaints.

Criminal Justice

You are determining the state budget and need to assess the effectiveness of DRCs. Currently, the system for measuring does not work. What is your solution? Would the expenditure be worth it? Your job is important to you, so you must justify your opinion with as many facts and statistics as possible.

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

In cases of ______ the original violation is considered moot.

a. duress b. entrapment c. necessity d. self-defense

Criminal Justice

NCVS __________ victimization incident questionnaires are administered to household members age 12 and older

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice