Missy is given this problem:

Mt. Washington is lower than Mt. Jefferson.
Mt. Washington is higher than Mt. Adams.
Which mountain is highest?
Missy reads the fourth word incorrectly—she thinks the word is higher rather than lower—and consequently answers the problem incorrectly. From an information processing perspective, Missy's difficulty is due to:

a. Her limited working memory capacity
b. Functional fixedness
c. The way she encodes information
d. The fact that she is retrieving information that hasn't been stored meaningfully


c

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