The key to whether or not a psychological finding is important is whether or not the finding is surprising
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Answer: False
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Hector is 16 years old and is opposed to drinking and smoking. In all likelihood,
a. Hector's friends will be similar to him in age and beliefs. b. Hector is unlikely to form significant adolescent friendships. c. Hector's friends are likely to disagree with his belief system. d. Hector is likely to be an ethnic minority adolescent.
Which of the following is the best example of operant conditioning?
a. You notice that many of your classmates are comfortable speaking with professors after class. Even though you are usually shy, you therefore decide that you will try to speak with professors after class too. b. Every time you wear the poncho you purchased in Mexico, you think fondly about the time that you spent there. c. You ask for an extension on a paper that is due for class, your teacher says yes, and you still end up with a really good grade. This leads you to ask other teachers for extensions as well. d. After going to the same dentist for many years, you develop a fondness for your dentist and for the other people who work in her office.
Which of the following is true of smokers who quite smoking?
a. About 70% of smokers successfully quit. b. People who enroll in a formal smoking cessation program are much more successful than those who try to quit without professional help. c. Success rates of those who quit using a nicotine substitute are slightly higher than a placebo. d. Their health risks decline until they reach a normal level after about 5 years.
Tina was a hard-working, dedicated employee of her company for almost 30 years. When a new manager took over her department, Tina felt that he did not appreciate her dedication or her loyalty. When she decided to retire, she was hoping the manager would encourage her to stay but instead he seemed overjoyed to be able to hire a new person for less money. On her last day at work, she received no
presents or party. Tina felt hurt, angry, and humiliated. She cannot forget or forgive this hurt and still gets angry even five years later when she drives by this company that she "gave the best years of her life to only to be thrown out like trash.". Using a new classification proposed for inclusion in the DSM-5, Tina would most likely be diagnosed with __________ disorder. a. antisocial personality b. post-traumatic embitterment c. bipolar II d. dysthymic