The concept of ______ refers to the practice whereby victims of crime feel traumatized as a result of not only their victimization experience but also by the official criminal justice system response to their victimization.

a. primary victimization
b. secondary victimization
c. just-world hypothesis
d. restorative justice


b. secondary victimization

Criminal Justice

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The U.S. Customs Service is the oldest federal agency

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

The infamous case at Love Canal has become the symbol of environmental crime.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

Though thrift failures occurred nationwide, what two states accounted for the preponderance of the worst thrift frauds?

A. Oklahoma and Texas B. Florida and California C. New York and California D. California and Texas

Criminal Justice

Modern corrections is now faced with all of the following but one, which one?

a. Rapid technological changes b. Environmental changes c. Less demand for services d. Reduced supply of resources

Criminal Justice