What are boot camps? Discuss their history and application.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary. The idea of boot camp programs for offenders first began in 1983 in Georgia, whereby correctional programs borrowed the military concept of breaking existing habits and thought patterns and rebuilding offenders to be more disciplined through intensive physical training, hard labor, drill and ceremony, and rigid structure. This concept multiplied as the most common form of shock incarceration from 1983 to the late 1990s. Boot camp programs exist inside state prisons or local jails, within the community, and even as a small part of the Federal Bureau of Prisons (MacKenzie & Hebert, 1996). However, the more successful correctional boot camps also provided therapeutic and educational activities, such as drug and alcohol education, individual or group counseling, vocational training, anger management, and academic education. The two main types of boot camps are:• Prison boot camps: Offenders are chosen by correctional administrators to participate, and ultimately the offender volunteers for the program. The boot camp is usually within a prison correctional facility, but boot camp participants remain separate from the general population for the program duration. Offenders are paroled upon graduation from boot camp. Time served is significantly less than with a regular prison sentence.• Probation/jail boot camps: Offenders are chosen to participate at the time of sentencing by judges or by jail authorities. Although the judges are directed to choose offenders who otherwise would have gone to prison, probation boot camps are criticized for widening the net-choosing offenders who otherwise would have been sentenced to probation. These boot camps are located in the community and are supervised by county sheriff departments, probation departments, or a combination of both. Offenders in probation boot camps do not go to prison but remain in a residential community facility. Following boot camp, offenders graduate to intensive supervision probation or regular probation.
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Only Maine and Vermont prohibit prison inmates from voting if they have been convicted of a felony
a. True b. False
In 2016, the Department of Justice reported that at year-end 2015 about ______ persons were on parole.
a. 846,600 b. 870,500 c. 865,700 d. 954,800
Western and Eastern Prisons were a part of which prison system?
a. Texas b. New York c. Pennsylvania d. Georgia
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. An opponent of the death penalty who argues that life without the possibility of parole serves the same purpose as the death penalty is using arbitrariness as his or her argument for the abolishment of the death penalty. 2. Supporters of the death penalty who content that when murderers are sentenced to death and executed, other would-be murderers will reconsider their acts due to the fear of being executed, are arguing for the utility of specific deterrence. 3. There is some evidence that the death penalty may actually increase homicide levels in areas where executions occur. 4. Prison environments on death row can take a toll on both inmates and staff. 5. The Attorney General’s Review Committee on Capital Cases makes an independent recommendation to the attorney general regarding death penalty cases.