Explain the two opposing hypotheses that currently exist about the origin of modern humans. What will be an ideal response?
Concepts to Consider: The "out of Africa" hypothesis suggests that modern Homo sapiens
evolved in Africa, then spread to Europe and Asia; the "multi-regional" hypothesis proposes
that Homo sapiens evolved from diverse groups of Homo erectus in Africa, Asia, and
Europe
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Aging may be attributed to
a. genetics. b. free radical damage. c. a decline in DNA repair mechanisms. d. changes in structural proteins. e. all of these.
In relaxed muscle, Ca2+ is found in highest concentration in the
A) sarcoplasm. B) T tubules. C) sarcoplasmic reticulum. D) sarcolemma. E) neuromuscular junction.
A large increase in exercise (say hiking for 20 miles a day for a week) requires _______________.
a. an increase in oxygen delivery to the muscles b. an increase in nutrient delivery to the muscles c. an increase in ATP levels in the muscles d. a and b are correct e. a, b, and c are correct
When using vectors to produce proteins for gene therapy, what are some of the problems that may occur and how has medical science overcome these problems?
A. cDNA produced by vectors active an immune response, tags are therefore added to help the body identify them as self. B. Proteins injected using vectors get degraded too quickly and therefore protective segments have been added to the proteins. C. Virus vectors used may actually cause disease and therefore medical technicians have removed those segments. D. RNA added via vectors to a human may cause a toxic response and so a buffer is added to the vector.