Which of the following factors contribute to malnutrition of a patient with COPD while being mechanically ventilated? I. hypermetabolism II. decreased nutritional intake III. chronic inflammatory state IV. use of ?2 agonist medications
A. I, II only
B. II, III only
C. I, II, III only
D. I, II, III, IV
?ANS: D
A. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
D. Correct response: The following factors contribute to malnutrition of a patient with COPD while being mechanically ventilated: (1) hypermetabolism, (2) chronic inflammatory disease, (3) increased O2 cost of breathing caused by hyperinflation and airway obstruction, (4) increased energy requirements associated with β2 agonist medications, (5) greater activity related to thermogenesis, (6) corticosteroid use leading to protein loss, and (7) decreased intake.
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