The nurse is reviewing the white blood cell count differential for a patient and notes that the basophil count is elevated. What should this laboratory value indicate to the nurse?
1. The patient is experiencing an acute hypersensitivity reaction.
2. The patient has a gastrointestinal infection.
3. The patient is fighting a tuberculosis infection.
4. The patient is fighting cancer.
Correct Answer: 1
Basophils are not phagocytic and contain proteins and chemicals such as heparin, histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, and leukotrienes that are released into the bloodstream during an acute hypersensitivity reaction or stress response. Eosinophils are found in large numbers in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, where they are thought to be responsible for protecting the body from parasitic worms, including tapeworms, flukes, pinworms, and hookworms. Monocytes and macrophages activate the immune response against chronic infections such as tuberculosis, viral infections, and certain intracellular parasitic infections. Dendritic cells activate T cells against cancer.
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