When hormone replacement therapy (HRT) became a common treatment for menopause, doctors observed lower rates of coronary artery disease among women taking HRT compared to women who were not taking it. Some doctors suggested a causal relationship - that HRT lowered the risk of heart disease. Actually, it turned out that a third variable was at work. Women with more education and income were more likely to take HRT than other women and more education and income leads to lower rates of coronary artery disease. Rather than being causal, the association between HRT and coronary artery disease was _______________.
A.) unreliable
B.) generalizable
C.) valid
D.) spurious
Answer: D.) spurious
Sociology
You might also like to view...
The cross is an example of a __________ whose meaning differs in different cultures
A) Symbol B) Value C) Norm D) Subculture
Sociology
What are the primary drawbacks of surveys and questionnaires?
What will be an ideal response?
Sociology
It is not unreasonable to think of the corporation as:
a. parasitic, feeding on the work and sacrifices of others b. a technology: a human-devised technique or way of doing things c. an organism, with organs, blood flowing through its veins, and a containment “skin” d. an appendage or subunit of the state
Sociology
Which one of the following countries prohibits abortions?
What will be an ideal response?
Sociology