Enemas are ordered to empty the bowel preoperatively for a child with Hirschsprung disease. The enema solution should be:
a. tap water.
b. normal saline.
c. oil retention.
d. phosphate preparation.
ANS: B
Isotonic solutions should be used in children. Saline is the solution of choice. Plain water is not used. This is a hypotonic solution and can cause rapid fluid shift, resulting in fluid overload. Oil-retention enemas will not achieve the "until clear" result. Phosphate enemas are not advised for children because of the harsh action of the ingredients. The osmotic effects of the phosphate enema can result in diarrhea, which can lead to metabolic acidosis.
You might also like to view...
There are 12 students in grades 5 to 7 at the local school with confirmed cases of H1N1 flu. The caregivers of the ill children are advised to keep the children home for a minimum of 5 to 7 days. The next step is
A) closing the school for 6 weeks. B) education in the school setting regarding respiratory and hand hygiene. C) running a mandatory flu clinic. D) discipline in the school setting for improper hand washing.
The likelihood of a medical emergency increases dramatically when prescription and OTC drugs
A. are taken in times of stress and anxiety B. are combined with alcohol C. are taken in the evening hours D. are ingested by teenagers
A nurse who made an error is concerned about what will happen when the mistake is brought to light. What information should the nurse manager provide to this nurse?
1. "If an error is small I see no reason to report it." 2. "All errors are serious and will likely result in some disciplinary action." 3. "No one likes to admit errors but reporting helps others avoid the same mistake." 4. "Errors are human and there is no need to dwell on them."
Which drug for glaucoma control would be the best choice for a patient who has only one arm and whose daughter visits every evening?
a. Timolol (Timoptic) b. Travoprost (Travatan) c. Apraclonidine (Iopidine) d. Pilocarpine (Adsorbocarpine)