Control of a physiological state by a negative feedback loop differs from control by a positive feedback loop in that only in the case of negative feedback
a. does the physiological state tend to remain close to constant.
b. does an effector respond to change by increasing output.
c. is the effector controlled by some form of sensory input.
d. is the response likely to be helpful to an organism's fitness.
e. c and d.
A; Negative feedback loops are designed to maintain steady state. Negative feedback loops may or may not respond to change by increasing output (positive feedback loops typically do this) depending on whether the change is a decrease or an increase. Both types of feedback loops respond to sensory input in a way that promotes an organism's fitness.
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Several scientists, including Charles and Francis Darwin, Frits Went and others, demonstrated that auxins caused stems to bend toward light in a series of elaborate experiments. Went was the researcher who finally determined that bending of the stem toward light was a result of which mechanism?
A. Light caused a reduction in auxin concentration and a reduction in stem elongation on the lighted side of the plant stem, and thus a bending in the direction of the light. B. The transport of auxin to the shaded side of the plant stem stimulated stem elongation and a bending in the direction of the light. C. Auxin concentration was equal on both sides (lighted and shaded) of the stem; however, the apical meristem responded to the presence of light. D. A combination of positive phototropism and a negative gravitropism. E. The stems actually were responding to the agar blocks that had been used in the experiments.
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What will be an ideal response?
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a. gram+ bacteria b. gram- bacteria c. human cells d. yeast cells
The most common nematode infection worldwide is (ascariasis/filariasis/pinworms).
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).