In emphysema, the lungs become overdistended with trapped air, which increases the effort required for breathing. Describe the muscles involved when breathing becomes a forced process, such as a patient who has emphysema

What will be an ideal response


During forced inspiration, the scalenes and sternocleidomastoid muscles help lift the ribs. Forced expiration is aided by internal intercostal muscles that pull the ribs inferiorly and by abdominal wall muscles that push the diaphragm superiorly by compressing the abdominal contents.

Anatomy & Physiology

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Inspiratory muscles act to ________ thoracic volume, whereas expiratory muscles act to ________ thoracic volume

A) increase; decrease B) increase; maintain C) decrease; increase D) maintain; decrease

Anatomy & Physiology

Sam is curling very heavy weights and suddenly drops them. Which reflex forced this action by Sam to prevent tendon damage?

A. muscle spindle reflex B. Golgi tendon reflex C. gamma motor reflex D. withdrawal reflex E. alpha motor neuron reflex

Anatomy & Physiology

Sympathetic activity inhibits the secretion of ____________________ from the pancreas

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Anatomy & Physiology

In the liver, the _____ may play a role in producing the enzymes that help detoxify drugs.

A) mitochondria B) rough endoplasmic reticulum C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus

Anatomy & Physiology