Outline the three primary types of muscle contraction
What will be an ideal response?
There are three primary types of contraction. In an isotonic contraction, the load remains constant as the muscle changes length. In an isokinetic contraction, the velocity of shortening remains constant as the muscle changes length. In an isometric contraction, the muscle is prevented from shortening, so tension develops at constant muscle length. The same internal events occur in isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric contractions: Muscle excitation turns on the tension-generating contractile process; the cross bridges start cycling; and filament sliding shortens the sarcomeres, which stretches the series-elastic components to exert forces on the bones at the sites of the muscle's origin and insertion.
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Of the respiratory air volumes listed, which one has the largest volume?
A) Inspiratory reserve volume B) Tidal volume C) Vital capacity D) Expiratory reserve volume
Upper motor neurons are located in the
A) precentral gyrus. B) postcentral gyrus. C) brain stem. D) spinal cord. E) cerebral hemispheres and the brain stem.
What organ is most important in compensating for respiratory acidosis?
a. lungs b. heart c. kidneys d. liver e. spleen
As a result of opsonization,
A. holes are produced in target cell membranes. B. organ transplant rejection occurs. C. antigens are more susceptible to phagocytosis. D. antigens clump together. E. inflammation, chemotaxis, and lysis occur.