______ is known for the development of the mark system on Norfolk Island, which is one of the earliest classification systems in correctional history.

a. William Penn
b. James Q. Wilson
c. John Howard
d. Alexander Maconochie


d. Alexander Maconochie

Criminal Justice

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What is the minimum immunity that must be provided to a witness to overcome a Fifth Amendment claim? What prohibition does this place on the government?

What will be an ideal response?

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Prison __________ control a large amount of the most lucrative part a prison's illegal economy (e.g., drug transactions and gambling)

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Schwartz that only about five percent of victims of sexual assault or ________report the crimes to police

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Material that violates community standards of morality or decency is said to be __________________.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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