Two chambers containing aqueous solutions are separated by a membrane. Chamber 1 contains 10 mM Na+ while chamber 2 contains 1 mM Na+. The membrane potential (1 relative to 2) in this scenario
a. is greater than 0 mV.
b. is equal to 0 mV.
c. is less than 0 mV.
d. cannot be determined based on the information given.
D
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Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus occurs because of
A. increased amounts of mucus produced by the stomach. B. increased hydrochloric acid production by the parietal cells. C. relaxation of the cardiac sphincter. D. spasms of the submucosal layer of the stomach wall. E. contraction of the pyloric sphincter.
One of the unhealthy effects of blood doping is to
A. increase the viscosity of the blood. B. decrease the blood pressure in the arteries. C. decrease the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. D. increase the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of the blood. E. increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
Stroke volume is determined by the extent of venous return and parasympathetic activity
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Hormones play an important role in regulating the function of the urinary system.?
Indicate whether the statement is true or false