Braithwaite and Fisse’s defense of the notion of corporations as directly responsible for criminal actions stresses all but which of the following factors?

a. Corporations collectively carry out spectacularly complex tasks, which no
individuals could carry out independently
b. Corporate policies are the equivalent of corporate intentionality
c. Corporations can legitimately be said to have emotions and feeling
d. If corporations can formulate policy, they can also be affected by punishment


c. Corporations can legitimately be said to have emotions and feeling

Criminal Justice

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Incarcerating individuals who show a high likelihood of repeating their criminal conduct based on the potential for recidivism is known as:

a. corporal punishment. b. capital punishment. c. selective incapacitation. d. categorical capacitation.

Criminal Justice

Grievances should be recognized by the supervisor as being real in the mind of the employee who feels he has been wronged

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

Critical infrastructure assets are those targets that:

a. can result in a large number of casualties or would have a dramatic economic or social impact on a community, a state, or the country, b. includes petrochemical plants and operations, railways, highways, public transit, large shopping areas, or malls attracting large numbers of people c. include airports, gun stores, financial institutions, communications networks, schools, and public buildings. d. All of the above are true

Criminal Justice

________ is a process of hardening or increasing the safety features associated with critical infrastructure.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice