The fact that the U.S. was forced to back off a threat of sanctions against foreign companies that invested in Iran demonstrated that _________

a. economic sanctions are more effectively used as a weapon when targets cannot use effective weapons of their own in response
b. asymmetries of interdependence can lead states to use issues in one policy area to their advantage in another, as occurred here, when European states threatened retaliation through other linkages
c. the use of economic interdependence as a weapon can backfire, given that the threats to foreign companies doing business in Iran led to European capital flight from American markets
d. economic interdependence is affected by military interdependence, since Iran threatened military action against its neighbors over the U.S. threats


Answer: B

Political Science

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