The Coppolino standard is ________
A) a method for determining paternity
B) set to follow federal rules 402, 403, and 404
C) a means to allow controversial new scientific testing to be used in court if the foundation is
solid
D) using methods that are tested and have gained general acceptance from the scientific
community
E) a method that requires pretrial hearings to occur for scientific evidence
C
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Two bacterial genes are transduced simultaneously. What does this suggest about their proximity to each other within the original host genome?
A. Not a thing-it's highly likely that two separate virus particles were carrying each gene, and that they coinfected the new target cell at the same time, delivering their genetic payloads. This could mean the two original genes might not even be from the same original host cell! B. It's highly likely that the two genes are located next to each other in the original host cell chromosome. Since transduction relies on either mispackaging of bits of host cell DNA into non-functional virus units, or improper excision of lysogenic phage DNA from a host cell chromosome (carrying parts of the host cell DNA with it), the genes must lie close to each other to be transduced into a new cell simultaneously. C. They must be within five gene lengths of each other, but not necessarily immediately adjacent. If they were immediately adjacent, the transposons that facilitate the transfer of genetic information between the two cells wouldn't be able to 'jump' into them. D. It doesn't mean anything. Transduction relies on the ability of a cell to take up foreign DNA. It's possible here that the cell has simply taken up two separate bits of DNA at the same time from the surrounding environment.
Community A and Community B both have 54 beetle species, but Community A has more total individuals than Community B. If you were to calculate the Shannon diversity index for both communities, what would be the result?
A. Community B would have a higher Shannon index value. B. Community A would have a higher Shannon index value. C. Community A and B would have equal values for the Shannon index. D. Cannot predict the result based on this information.
Which is not a typical food item for polychaetes?
a. live capture of fish b. live capture of invertebrates c. detritus d. suspension feeding on plankton
All of the following statements concerning the theory of evolution by natural selection are true EXCEPT:
(A) Organisms produce far more offspring than are required for replacement. (B) The individuals in a population show variation in survivability and in their ability to cope with environmental stress. (C) The number of offspring that survive to reproduce varies among individuals. (D) The bodies of organisms in a population change by use and disuse, and the changes are inherited by the next generation.