The nurse is reviewing potential patient teaching needs. For which prescribed medications should the nurse plan to instruct patients to follow a tyramine-free diet? (Select all that apply.)
a. Phenelzine (Nardil)
b. Buspirone (Buspar)
c. Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
d. Valproic acid (Depakote)
e. Lithium carbonate (Eskalith)
ANS: A, C
Tyramine-free diet is required for patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants including phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and isocarboxazid (Marplan). B. D. E. A tyramine-free diet is not required for patients taking buspirone (Buspar), valproic acid (Depakote), or lithium carbonate (Eskalith).
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The health care provider is preparing to administer a drug that affects the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Which one of the following reactions would occur after administration?
a. Increased motility and tone of the urinary bladder b. A subjective decrease in mental alertness c. Increased rate and force of myocardial contraction d. Vasodilatation and bronchoconstriction
The physician has ordered that a client with severe depression be placed on an MAO inhibitor. The nurse's teaching plan should include the fact that which of the following could occur if the client eats foods high in tyramine?
a. urinary frequency b. hypertensive crisis c. orthostatic hypotension d. constipation and dry mouth
To assist a mother with breast-feeding, you can do the following except:
a. Help her with hand washing and position-ing b. Teach her about breast care c. Provide for privacy d. Make sure the signal light is within reach before you leave the room
A client asks the nurse why a medication prescribed by the provider "didn't do anything at all." Which statement by the nurse accurately describes how genetics influence drug action?Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.
A. "Genetic differences can result in significant differences in how each client's body handles the same medication." B. "Genetic differences can cause mutations in enzymes, changing the way they function. This can alter how the body metabolizes and excretes drugs." C. "Because of genetic differences, medication may accumulate to toxic levels in one client while in another client may be inactivated before it can have a therapeutic effect." D. "Genetic differences can be expressed as an alteration in the structure of an enzyme, which can cause a defective receptor and an allergic response to drugs." E. "Genetic differences in clients who are biracial result in an allergic response to medications."