Describe the three main forms of learning as they related to the information-processing model of cognitive development
What will be an ideal response?
The chapter presents three different forms of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and imitation.
Classical conditioning involves the spreading of a response from stimulus that evokes the response naturally to another, neutral stimulus. As an example, if a child initially smiles in response to the milk coming out of a bottle, eventually that child may smile when (s)he sees the bottle in her mother's hands. It allows children to develop the ability to predict what will happen in their environment based on the presence of certain stimuli in the environment.
Operant conditioning involves the learning of consequences of specific actions. When an action leads to a favorable, or pleasant, outcome, the action is more likely to be repeated in the future. When action leads to an unpleasant outcome the action is less likely to be repeated. Based on the way individual instructors present this material, students may describe reinforcements and punishments.
Imitation involves observing the actions of another and then, in certain circumstances, repeating that behavior. Some research suggests that imitation may be possible as early as two or three weeks of age.
You might also like to view...
Surgical castration of sexual offenders ____
a. is the most common form of treatment in the United States b. uses electric shock to pair arousal with deviant stimuli c. in Europe shows low rates of relapse d. works because it makes the man unable to have intercourse
A study on the timing of sex in a relationship found that couples who wait to have sex in a relationship experience better relationship outcomes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
If white light were mixed with a pure blue wavelength, the result would be a __________
light. a. darker blue b. metallic blue c. less saturated blue d. more transparent e. brighter blue
In a study involving mother–child conversations about gender typing,
A) mothers' directly expressed gender attitudes were stereotypical. B) when children voiced stereotypes, mothers affirmed them only 2 percent of the time. C) mothers rarely explicitly countered a child's stereotype. D) mothers rarely called attention to gender.