The charge of a water molecule is considered:
a. polar.
b. positive.
c. negative.
d. neutral.
e. nonpolar.
A
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V
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
Why do phospholipids form sheet-like cellular membranes, despite being partly hydrophilic?
a. The modified phosphate group forms covalent bonds with adjacent phospholipids in a sheet-like configuration. b. Cellular membranes form at the water’s surface, with hydrophobic fatty acids extended into the air above. c. The long fatty acid chains weave together like a tapestry, pulling the phosphate groups together in sheets. d. Only the phosphate group can interact with water; fatty acids are forced together in the middle of double sheets.
If anaerobic pathways follow glycolysis,
a. CO2 will be one of the products as pyruvate is converted to lactate. b. the two NADH molecules produced during glycolysis will (depending on the organism) be used to reduce pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. c. ATP will be required to convert pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol and CO2. d. oxidative phosphorylation occurs either on the plasma membrane or on derivatives of the plasma membrane. e. none of these will occur.
“Rapture of the deep” is caused by excessive
__________ in the interstitial fluid. a. O2 b. H2O c. CO2 d. CO e. N2