Describe the theories that behavior therapy is based upon.
What will be an ideal response?
Classical conditioning: learning occurs when a neutral stimulus is paired repeatedly with a salient stimulus. The intensity of the conditioned response as well as the frequency in which the unconditioned and conditioned stimuli are paired influence whether a conditioned stimulus produces a conditioned response. When the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly not paired with the unconditioned stimulus, the association disappears through a process known as extinction.
Operant conditioning: behavior is influenced by consequences within the environment. Individuals learn to engage in a behavior based on the positive and negative consequences associated with the behavior. Behavior is increased when a meaningful reward is provided (reinforcement) or negative consequences are removed (negative reinforcement). Behaviors can be decreased using negative consequences such as removal of the associated rewards (extinction) or through punishment.
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Psychological stress associated with immigration tends to be more intense
a. in the first three years after the immigrants' arrival to the U.S. b. after the first three years following the immigrants' arrival to the U.S. c. in the first three months prior to the immigrants' arrival to the U.S. d. in the first three months after the immigrants' arrival to the U.S.
A norm group is
a. a large standardization or comparison sample to whom the test is administered to create meaning for individual scores. b. a stratified sampling. c. a multicultural group handpicked by the person developing the assessment. d. All of the above.
____ is useful for obtaining information about a client
A) ?Interviewing B) ?Counseling C) ?Psychotherapy D) ?Psychiatry
Richard, who works at an agency that provides intensive outpatient and inpatient services, is beginning a group with individuals with severe mental health issues. The focus of the group is to help these individuals work on personal and interpersonal problems of living. What type of group is Richard starting?
a. mixed b. counseling c. supervision d. psychotherapy