A patient with fluid volume excess has a hemoglobin level of 9.0 mg/dL. The nurse realizes this laboratory value is due to
1. plasma dilution from excess fluid.
2. undiagnosed bleeding disorder.
3. iron deficiency anemia.
4. chronic anemia.
1
Rationale: An altered serum laboratory value, such as a hemoglobin level of 9.0 mg/dl, is the result of plasma dilution from excess extracellular fluid volume. There is not enough information to determine if the patient has an undiagnosed bleeding disorder, iron deficiency anemia, or chronic anemia.
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