Kathy and Sally have been best friends since high school. Each is 5'5" tall and weighs about 160 lbs., which is considered to be overweight. Kathy's blood pressure is 125/82 and her blood analysis shows healthy levels of glucose and lipids. Sally's blood pressure is 135/87 and her blood analysis shows elevated glucose and triglycerides. Given that they are the same height and weight, would you
expect their blood analyses to be more similar? Explain. Would you expect their body shapes to be similar? Explain. Which one is more likely to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome? Explain.
What will be an ideal response?
Blood amounts of glucose and lipids are more related to the location than to the amount of extra fat, so height and
weight alone do not predict blood analysis results. The body is largely composed of bone, lean muscle mass, fat,
and water. Because each of these substances has different densities, it is possible for two people to have the same
weight, but a different body composition. Based on the blood work, Sally is more likely to have upper-body fat
(apple shape) and/or less lean muscle mass and Kathy is more likely to have lower-body fat (pear shape) and/or
more lean body mass. Sally is at greater risk for metabolic syndrome, and appears to have it, based on her weight,
BP, and blood glucose and lipids.
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