What basal transcription factor is most often affected by regulatory transcription factors?
A. TFIIB
B. TFIID
C. TFIIE
D. TFIIF
B
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Which of the following is more likely to cause urinary tract infections?
A) fimbriated strains of Escherichia coli B) non-fimbriated strains of Escherichia coli C) both fimbriated and non-fimbriated strains of Escherichia coli D) None of the answers are correct.
Which components of blood are the smallest in size?
a. erythrocytes b. leukocytes c. platelets d. erythrocytes and platelets are the same size e. erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets are the same size
Understanding organismal evolution and phylogenetics lends insights to how we treat diseases. Which of the following treatments to disease and infection are highlighted by our understanding of pathogen evolution?
A. Don't use antibiotics to treat viral infections. B. Avoid mild doses of antibiotics over long time periods. C. When treating a bacterial infection with antibiotics, take all your pills. D. Use a combination of drugs to treat a bacterial infection. E. All the above are correct
Tamoxifen is a drug that is used to treat breast cancer. It inhibits the activities of the estrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells, which are the cells that are relevant to breast cancer. One of the concerns that scientists had during the development of tamoxifen as a therapy for breast cancer was that other cell types require estrogen signaling for their function. For example, it is known that cells in bone tissue require estrogen signaling. As a result, there was a concern that use of tamoxifen would lead to bone loss in patients. In reality, however, researchers were surprised to find that tamoxifen actually led to an increase in bone density in breast cancer patients. At the same time, tamoxifen did inhibit the activity of the estrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells in
these patients. What is the best explanation for this finding? A. Tamoxifen binds different parts of the estrogen receptor in different tissues. B. Bone cells make use of a different type of estrogen receptor that does not bind to tamoxifen. C. The estrogen receptor is bound to different coactivators in different tissues. D. Tamoxifen can only enter certain cell types.