Place the pathophysiological changes of cystic fibrosis in the order in which they occur: (Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D.)
a. Obstruction of bronchioles
b. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
c. Atelectasis
d. Bronchioles become clogged with mucus
e. Obstructive emphysema
D, A, E, C, B
In cystic fibrosis, the bronchioles become clogged with mucus, which results in obstruction of the bronchioles. Obstructive emphysema results as air gets trapped in the alveoli. Atelectasis occurs as small areas of the lungs collapse, which leads to hypertrophy of the right ventricle from overwork.
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If physical restraints are used after all other behavioral interventions have been tried, the restraints
a. Should be left in place until the patient shows a change in behavior b. Should be removed every 2 hours for a brief time c. Should be removed for a short period once during each shift d. None of the above
The nurse is working in a neonatal intensive care unit and is caring for a baby born with myelomeningocele. The baby developed multiple infections, one of which resulted in removal of a large part of the bowel and creation of an ileostomy
The baby was on the mechanical ventilator for several weeks, and developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia; he currently has a tracheostomy. The parents do not feel they are capable of caring for this child's multiple medical problems, because they both work outside the home and have four other children to care for. The nurse attends a client care conference and suggests placing the child in a: 1. Rehabilitation facility. 2. Long-term care facility. 3. Foster home. 4. Acute care facility.
What does an elevated CRP and homocysteine indicate in relation to atherosclerosis?
An important consideration for the nurse when changing dressings and applying topical medication to a child's abdomen and leg burns is to:
a. Apply topical medication with clean hands. b. Wash hands and forearms before and after dressing change. c. If dressings adhere to the wound, soak in hot water before removal. d. Apply dressing so that movement is limited during the healing process.