The nurse is explaining fetal circulation to a group of nursing students. Which should be included in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
a. After birth the ductus venosus remains open, but the other shunts close.
b. The foramen ovale shunts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium.
c. The ductus venosus shunts blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava.
d. The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the right ventricle to the left ventricle.
ANS: B, C
The foramen ovale shunts oxygenated blood from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the lungs. The ductus venosus shunts oxygenated blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava. All shunts close after birth. The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the right ventricle to the aorta.
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