The nurse notes that the electrical cord on an IV infusion pump is cracked. Which action by the nurse is best?
1) Continue to monitor the pump to see if the crack worsens.
2) Place the pump back on the utility room shelf.
3) A small crack poses no danger so continue using the pump.
4) Clearly label the pump and send it for repair.
ANS: 4
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A patient taking chloramphenicol had blood drawn to check the trough drug level. The level was reported as 15 mcg/ml. The next dose is now due. The nurse should:
a. administer the drug as scheduled. b. assess the patient's urinary output over the past 12 hours. c. withhold the drug and notify the physician. d. contact the physician to increase the dose.
Which statements regarding the preclinical research stage of drug development are true?
1. Most drugs do not proceed past the preclinical stage because they are found to be too toxic or just ineffective. 2. At the end of the preclinical research stage, client variability is determined and potential drug-to-drug interactions are examined. 3. The preclinical stage of research involves extensive testing on animals in the laboratory to determine if the drug will cause harm to humans. 4. Preclinical research results are always inconclusive. 5. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for extensive testing for safety before the pharmaceutical company can begin the preclinical research stage of development.
Infants are most susceptible to significant losses in total body water because of an infant’s:
a. High body surface–to–body size ratio b. Slow metabolic rate c. Kidneys are not mature enough to counter fluid losses d. Inability to communicate adequately when he or she is thirsty
What happens to mast cells once an individual is first exposed to an allergen?
A. Degranulation of mast cells occurs. B. Mast cells bind to the allergen. C. Mast cells produce antibodies. D. IgE immunoglobulin attach to the surface of mast cells.