The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves
A. C1q binds to surface receptors on a membrane.
B. cleaving of C3 to yield C3a and C3b.
C. initiation of the cascade.
D. production of inflammatory cytokines.
E. the assembly of a ring-shaped protein that forms holes in bacterial cell membranes and virus envelopes.
Answer: E
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Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the
form of
a. cellulose. b. starch. c. glycogen. d. sucrose. e. galactose
What happens when Ras proteins become stuck in their “on” state?
a. Cellar responses are slowed. b. Additional ions are catalyzed. c. There is unregulated cell division. d. There is an increase in protein synthesis. e. Ligand-gated channels close off the membrane.
Charles Darwin and his son experimented with which plant growth response?
A. phototropism B. circadian rhythms C. heat shock D. gravitropism E. thermotropism
Astronauts returning to Earth from an extended stay in space have to be extremely careful not to break a bone. It takes several weeks to restore normal bone strength. Which would be the best regimen to rebuild the lost bone tissue?
A) Stay inactive, avoiding exercise until the lost bone tissue is rebuilt. B) Start with walking and build up to jogging, with an extra regimen of light weight lifting in the gym. C) Hit the gym and get going with a few weeks of heavy weight lifting. D) Several weeks of swimming will rebuild all lost bone mass.