Which operant conditioning technique may result in negative emotions or behaviors?
A. Punishment
B. Negative reinforcement
C. Shaping
D. Nonreinforcement
Answer: A
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According to Izard, _____ emotions are innate, evolutionarily adaptive, automatic responses to stimuli, and short in duration
a. schema b. complex c. basic d. cognitive
You are walking through a store when you run into a friend you have not seen in a long time and whom you miss very much. According to the James-Lange theory, what might happen?
a) You experience physiological changes followed by a feeling of happiness. b) You feel happiness followed by physiological changes. c) You experience physiological changes and a feeling of happiness simultaneously. d) You experience physiological changes and context appraisal followed by a feeling of happiness.
________ refers to the process by which people examine and evaluate their existence.
A. Disengagement B. Metacognition C. Egocentric thinking D. Life review
An example of a psychosocial resource that has been consistently associated with good psychological and physical outcomes for patients with HIV infection is ______.
A. being low on openness to experience because these individuals are less likely to engage in risky behavior B. having a type C personality C. optimism D. being an introvert