Compare and contrast information-processing and developmental cognitive neuroscience approaches to explaining developmental change.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Information-processing theories view the mind as a device for processing information, somewhat analogous to a computer. There is mental hardware built into all brains, such as short- and long-term memory, but through practice, individuals develop more complex and effective strategies for processing information and more knowledge, which is analogous to software.
2. Developmental cognitive neuroscience theories focus more explicitly on brain development and how it is related to the processing of information. They try to correlate data on brain development obtained through brain imaging and other ways of studying brain structure and function with data on cognitive skills at different ages.
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Maya has always preferred individual assignments to group projects because she finds that she can accomplish more when she works on her own. The process that would best explain why Maya accomplishes LESS when she works as part of a group is
a. social loafing. b. the bystander effect. c. social interference. d. social dissonance.
The nerves that make up the body, except the brain and spinal cord, comprise the:
A. peripheral nervous system B. central nervous system C. primary nervous system D. secondary nervous system
What does research into the negative influence of family on ADHD symptomatology indicate? a. Familial factors account for a significant degree of variance in ADHD symptoms
b. Familial factors account for only a small degree of variance in ADHD symptoms. c. Familial factors may increase the severity of certain ADHD symptoms. d. Familial factors account for only a small degree of variance in ADHD symptoms, although they may increase the severity of certain symptoms
Once environmental and adult factors are controlled, the only child characteristic that has been associated with the risk of sexual abuse is ____
a. age b. gender c. temperament d. conduct problems