How did the position of women in European society both improve and deteriorate during this period?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Changes in the position of women
1. as the old social orders tumbled, women's status was transformed
2. ideas about the physical make-up of women changed
a. earlier medical theories though women's biology was just a
mistake of men's anatomy
b. dissections proved these ideas were wrong
3. women rulers appeared in unprecedented numbers in Europe
a. Mary, Queen of Scots
b. Catherine de' Medici, Regent of France
c. Elizabeth I of England
d. men praised women for ruling like men
4. struggles between different forms of Christianity gave new importance
to women's traditional domain
a. guardians of household routine
b. transmitted faith and devotional practice from one generation to
the next
5. women who married according to the clergies' new rules were able to
better protect and secure themselves
a. better protected against male predators
b. more secure in keeping their property when their husbands died
6. belief in the superiority of women
a. Cotton Mather believed women were morally superior beings,
because of their constant fear of death in childbirth
B. Options or choices remained the same
1. widowhood remained the best option for women who wanted freedom
and influence
2. still often victims: beaten by husbands, scolded by confessors,
repressed by social rules, and cheated by the courts
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