Compare and contrast the way in which lipophilic and hydrophilic hormones affect their target cells. Include in your answer the type of receptor used, the major events promoted inside the cell after these hormone attach to their specific receptors, and the relative amount of time required to see the effect of hormone binding
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Lipophilic hormones enter the cell and bind to intracellular receptors, and this leads to increased gene transcription and protein synthesis. Hydrophilic hormones cannot enter the cell but instead bind to membrane-bound receptors. In most cases, this binding initiates a series of reactions inside the cell involving second messengers that, in turn, alter preexisting proteins. The effects of hydrophilic hormones generally are seen quickly, while the effects of lipophilic hormones require more time to occur.
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
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