To study the effectiveness of a new anti-anxiety drug, researchers randomly assign equally anxious people to two groups, one getting Drug X and the other getting no drug. The researchers mistakenly conclude that Drug X works because people in the drug group show fewer signs of anxiety than the others. What is the mistake?
a. They never introduced an independent variable
b. They did not create a placebo control group.
c. They never did a pretest of anxiety symptoms.
d. They did not operationally define what the experimental group was.
b
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The consequence to the fetus of exposure to teratogens varies by
a. dosage. b. doctor. c. religion. d. gender.
Consider the following scenarios. Which person displays characteristic signs of a persistent vegetative state?
a. ?Brian is in a persistent state of unconsciousness; he cannot be awakened and does not respond to painful stimuli. b. ?Sienna is learning to walk after her automobile accident; however, she still cannot communicate and suffers significant cognitive impairment. c. ?Anil is in a coma; his mother is hopeful because he occasionally opens his eyes and sometimes even smiles or cries, but Anil’s doctors tell her that these actions are random. d. ?Muriel was in a deep coma; she now squeezes her mother’s hand when she hears her voice, but she cannot open her eyes or speak.
For humanistic theorists, the ego ideal forms the structure of the personality, while in the behaviorist theories, self-concept forms the structure of the personality
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Heroin users often report
a. the high as a euphoric rush. c. increased sex drive. b. increased hunger. d. all of these