When describing the covering on bones to the students, the instructor asks, "Why is periosteum an important part of the bone covering?" The student responses should mention which of the following? It:
A) Is composed of a single layer of osteoprogenitor cells
B) Is the site of red blood cell development
C) Supplies yellow bone marrow to assist with adipose cell production
D) Contains blood vessels that assist with providing nutrition to bone tissue
Ans: D
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Bones are covered, except at their articular ends, by a periosteum membrane. The periosteum contains blood vessels and acts as an anchorage point for blood vessels as they enter and leave the bone. The endosteum is the membrane that is considerably thinner than the periosteum and is composed of a single layer of flattened osteoprogenitor cells and small amounts of connective tissue. Red bone marrow contains developing red blood cells and is the site of blood cell formation. Yellow bone marrow is composed largely of adipose cells. At birth, nearly all of the marrow is red and hematopoietically active.
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