How can changes in genetic enhancers affect morphology?
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
The gain or loss of enhancers can alter the regulation of genes that change expression patterns. When genes are expressed in new locations, new morphological traits are gained. When genes are no longer expressed, mor-phological traits are lost.
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Mutations are usually rare, because
A. ligases serve to conduct "quality control" checks in order to repair mutations. B. Okazaki fragments are removed whenever detected by the ligase enzyme. C. DNA polymerase quickly corrects mismatched nucleotide base pairs. D. DNA helicase corrects the mismatched nucleotide base pairs. E. transcription, after replication, will normally detect and fix mutations.
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a. arteriosclerosis b. atherosclerosis c. hypertension d. a myocardial infarction e. angioplasty
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