A PHN in the 1960s is measuring quality assurance. Which of the following resources would the nurse most likely have used?
a. American Nurses Association (ANA) Standards of Practice
b. JCAHO Nursing Audit Criteria
c. Community Health Nursing Practice Standards
d. Phaneuf nursing audit method
ANS: D
Phaneuf's nursing audit method was one of the first tools, developed in 1965, which has been used extensively in population-centered nursing practice. The ANA's Divisions on Practice was created in 1966; however, this did not provide practice standards. The JCAHO began developing its standards in the mid-1980s. The Community Health Nursing Practice Standards was devel-oped in 1973.
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