According to Allport, traits
A) never change over time; people are consistent in their behavior across all situations.
B) are consistent and stable properties; behavior varies and changes over time and across situations.
C) may change over time if the person is subjected to extreme situations; behavior changes only if the core trait changes.
D) change with the person's situation.
E) change radically over time; behavior also changes radically as a person's traits change.
B
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Which of the following events would fit the DSM description of situations that could lead to posttraumatic stress disorder?
a. The car Ted was driving spun out of control and almost fell off a bridge; in the car, Ted waited helplessly to be rescued. b. While driving on the interstate, Kevin passes the site of a serious bus accident that is commemorated by a stone monument. c. The roller coaster ride was faster and had more turns than Alice had been told before she agreed to go on the ride with her friends. d. The newspaper account of a bank robbery and the resulting gun fight between the robbers and police contained more vivid details than Frank expected.
Four-month-old Jeremy has learned that his feedings occur after he hears the refrigerator door open and close. In this example, learning has occurred through which type of process?
a. Classical conditioning b. Observational learning c. Social learning d. Infants cannot learn prior to 6 months of age.
Which of the following reflects the view of contemporary developmental psychologists and is in contrast to Piaget’s analysis?
a. ?Children’s abilities to understand objects in their world depend on their development of language abilities. b. ?Very young children seem to understand a great deal about objects and how they work, even before they have had much experience interacting with them. c. ?Very young children seem to understand a great deal about objects and how they work, once they have gained substantial experience interacting with them. d. ?Children’s abilities to understand objects in their world develop slowly over time.
Piaget's emphasis on the interaction among maturation, equilibration, and the child's tendency to act on the environment would suggest that both ________ and ________ are important to development
a. assimilation; accommodation c. continuity; discontinuity b. nature; nurture d. sociality; individuality