A nurse is conducting a physical examination using palpation. Which assessments might the nurse note? (Select all that apply.)
a. Rebound tenderness: tenderness long after palpation
b. Crepitation: crackling or rubbing
c. Guarding: holding the nurse's hands away from the body
d. Turgor: tension caused by fluid content
e. Consistency: organ location and size
ANS: B, D, E
Crepitation is crackling or rubbing felt (and perhaps heard) during palpation. Turgor is the amount of tension in body tissues caused by fluid content. Consistency compares organs for their location and size related to the norms. Rebound tenderness occurs after the stimulation is discontinued. Guarding is positioning to prevent movement of a painful body part.
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