The nurse is creating a care plan for a patient with heart failure. Which lifestyle changes does the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Fluid restriction of 1000 mL per day
b. Weight loss program
c. Smoking cessation program
d. Aerobic exercise program
e. Low-salt, low-fat diet
B, C, E
Lifestyle changes that are important in treating heart failure include weight loss, smoking cessa-tion, and a low-salt and low-fat diet. A fluid restriction of 1000 mL can result in decreased per-fusion of the kidneys. Patients with heart failure may not be able to tolerate an aerobic exercise program.
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The nurse is administering a unit of blood to a child. What are signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? (Select all that apply.)
a. Chills b. Shaking c. Flank pain d. Hypothermia e. Sudden severe headache
The nurse uses a bulb syringe to clear a newborn's mouth and nose immediately after delivery in order to:
A) provide a clear, patent airway. B) elicit the sucking reflex before feeding. C) stimulate the baby to begin to cry. D) prevent aspiration of harmful organisms.
A mother calls the triage nurse because her 8-year-old son is having trouble keeping his balance, but has otherwise appeared healthy for the past few days. The nurse should advise the mother to:
1. Make a doctor's appointment because the child could have issues with his inner ear. 2. Take the child immediately to the ER because this is a neurological emergency. 3. Ask the child if he has consumed any drugs or alcohol in the last few days. 4. Call back in a few days with an update.
In osteomyelitis, bacteria gain access to the subperiosteal space in the metaphysis. What factor makes this route the easiest for bacteria to gain access to this area?
a. Cortex of the bone in this area is porous or mazelike. b. Blood supply to the metaphysis is easily compromised. c. Macrophages and lymphocytes have limited access to the subperiosteal space. d. Bacteria usually spread down the medullary cavity of the bone.