Explain the general properties of the paths from genes to behavior
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points:
+ The behavioral consequences of genetic instructions depend on the environment in which those instructions develop.
+ Heredity and environment interact dynamically throughout development.
- Epigenesis: the continuous interplay between genes and multiple levels of the environment (from cells to culture) that drives development.
+ Genes can influence the kind of environment to which a child is exposed.
- Niche-picking: the process of deliberately seeking environments that fit one's heredity.
+ Environmental influences typically make children within a family different.
- Nonshared environmental influences: the environmental forces that make siblings different from one another.
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The ability to communicate and collaborate with other social psychologists and to recruit research participants from across the world through the Internet has produced
a. an increase in the number of social psychologists learning new languages. b. the internationalization of social psychology. c. controversy within the field about what type of training is appropriate. d. research on the integration of biological and social processes.
Your friend argues that negative characteristics associated with women, such as passivity, are due not to biology, but to child-parent social interactions. Which theorist does your friend agree with?
A. Sigmund Freud B. Karen Horney C. Erik Erikson D. Carl Jung
A psychologist tells children a story in which a puppet named Maxi puts a ball in one cupboard and then leaves the room. While she is gone, another puppet moves the ball to another cupboard. Then Maxi comes back. At this point, the psychologist asks the children in which cupboard will Maxi look for the ball. Most 3-year-olds probably will say the _____ cupboard, and most 5-year-olds will say the
_____ cupboard. A) first; first B) first; second C) second; first D) second; second
As the influence of _____ diminished, there arose a resurgence of interest in internal causes for behavior, such as the psychobiological research done by Karl Lashley.
a. radical behaviorism b. connectionism c. cybernetics d. information theory