Whenever Calvin threw his sister's doll in the toilet, his mother would lock Calvin in his room. As soon as Calvin apologized, his mother would let him out. Eventually, Calvin learned to apologize immediately, so that he could get out of his room sooner. Calvin is demonstrating
A. punishment.
B. escape conditioning.
C. avoidance conditioning.
D. positive reinforcement.
Answer: B
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Which of the following is likely to be true for people suffering from major depressive disorder?
a. The severity of abnormal depression varies considerably. b. Self-esteem tends to lower. c. People feel hopelessness and guilt. d. All of these are true.
Regarding polygraph testing, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
a. The polygraph test cannot tell the difference between lying, fear, or anxiety. b. The polygraph test is much more likely to label a guilty person innocent than an innocent person guilty. c. The polygraph cannot be thrown off by self-inflicted pain or using tranquilizing drugs. d. All of these statements are true.
In a two-by-two factorial design, you find that the high level of caffeine paired with high level of sugar produces the most memory improvement. Your results show
a. no interaction b. a ceiling effect interaction c. an antagonistic interaction d. a synergistic interaction
“I am not smart enough to understand this material” is an example of _______
a. low self-talk b. discouraging self-talk c. negative self-talk d. degrading self-talk