A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that apply.)
a. Hypokalemia - Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression
b. Hyperphosphatemia - Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
c. Hyponatremia - Decreased level of consciousness
d. Hypercalcemia - Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
e. Hypomagnesemia - Bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation, and hypotension
ANS: A, C
Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression is associated with hypokalemia. Decreased level of consciousness is associated with hyponatremia. Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness is associated with hypophosphatemia or hypercalcemia. Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs are associated with hypocalcemia or hyperphosphatemia. Bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation, and hypotension are associated with hypermagnesemia.
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