A family member of a critically ill patient is verbalizing the purpose of hemodynamic monitoring. Which statement indicates that the family member needs more education?
1. "The hemodynamic monitor can measure how much blood is in the arteries and veins."
2. "The hemodynamic monitor can measure how much blood comes out of the heart each minute."
3. "The hemodynamic monitor can measure how much oxygen is left in the blood after it circulates through the body."
4. "The hemodynamic monitor can measure how much pressure is in the heart."
1
Rationale 1: The pressure monitoring can see trends in pressure, which may indirectly be related to volume or to decreased vascular resistance. The nurse and physician would need to interpret this data to determine the cause of the change.
Rationale 2: An example of such a measurement is thermodilution cardiac output.
Rationale 3: An example of such a measurement is continuous mixed venous oxygen saturation.
Rationale 4: An example of such a measurement is pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP), an indirect measurement of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.
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